Welcome to our instructional commentary on the Anglican service of Holy Communion. Adapted from Bishop Ray Sutton’s detailed explanation, these pages guide you through the biblical, historical, and liturgical meaning behind every element of our worship.
Rubrics
In our Anglican liturgy, rubrics—italicized instructions in the Prayer Book—provide guidance on posture and participation during worship. Not all rubrics are included in this commentary, but you will find some noted throughout. For deeper insight into symbols and vestments used in worship, consult the endnotes of this commentary.
Preparation
Worship demands preparation. Just as we prepare for important meetings or events, we should prepare our hearts for meeting with God. Try to arrive early to the service. Use that time for prayer, stillness, and reflection—perhaps reviewing the bulletin or appointed hymns—to avoid rushing into worship unprepared.
Reverence
Upon entering a pew, worshippers may bow slightly or genuflect toward the cross on the altar. This act, called reverencing, is rooted in biblical worship (cf. 1 Kings 8; Psalm 95). It is not idolatry—it is a sign of respect for the presence of Christ, who is symbolized by the cross. Historically, Christians adopted this practice from Roman customs, redirecting it to honor Christ the King rather than earthly rulers.
Quiet and Prayer
The sanctuary is a sacred space. Use the quiet before worship to pray and set aside worldly distractions. This is not a time for casual conversation, which is better reserved for fellowship after the service. As Scripture teaches: “Be still, and know that I am God.” (Psalm 46:10)
Lighting of the Candles
A few minutes before the service begins, an acolyte lights the altar candles, symbolizing Christ as the Light of the World. The two candles on the altar represent the divine and human natures of Jesus.
The Bell
When it is time for the service to begin, an usher rings the church bell, reminding us that heaven is calling us to worship. This tradition has long marked the sacred beginning of Christian liturgy. At this point, the congregation stands, typically to sing.
The Processional Hymn
The organist will play through the processional hymn once before the ministers enter. Hymns in Christian worship span all of church history, uniting us with the Church Triumphant in heaven. The hymns are usually printed in the hymnal or included as bulletin inserts.
The procession is led by a cross, reminding us that we come into God’s presence only through Jesus Christ. As the cross passes, many bow slightly in reverence to Christ’s redemptive work.
Symbols Used in This Commentary:
- + = kneeling
- = = sitting
- ^ = standing
Welcome to the heart of the Anglican worship service: The Order of Holy Communion. This section provides a walk-through of each portion of the liturgy, accompanied by explanations to help you follow along and appreciate its deep theological significance.
Below are the parts of the service, each linked to its own page of commentary:
🔹 The Decalogue
God’s moral law, the Ten Commandments, read aloud with congregational responses.
🔹 The Collect of the Day
A short, seasonally appointed prayer reflecting key themes of Scripture and the Church calendar.
🔹 The Nicene Creed
The ancient and universal statement of Christian faith, confessed together by the congregation.
🔹 The Sermon
A biblical homily typically based on the appointed lectionary readings for the day.
🔹 Prayer for the Whole State of Christ’s Church
A comprehensive intercession for the Church, government, ministers, people, and those in need.
🔹 The General Confession
The people kneel to confess their sins together in a humble and united spirit.
🔹 The Absolution
The priest declares God’s forgiveness in Christ with the authority given to the Church.
🔹 The Consecration
The sacred words and actions by which bread and wine are set apart for Holy Communion.
🔹 The Lord’s Prayer
Prayed before receiving Communion, connecting us with Christ’s own words and teaching.
🔹 The Communion
The faithful receive the Body and Blood of Christ in reverent thanksgiving.
🔹 Prayer of Thanksgiving
A final prayer offering gratitude for spiritual nourishment and grace.
🔹 Final Blessing
A concluding benediction, sending the people of God into the world in peace.
Each element of the liturgy is deeply rooted in Scripture, tradition, and the worship of the early Church. Click any section to learn more.
In the Holy Communion service, we begin by recalling God’s eternal moral law through the reading of The Ten Commandments—known as the Decalogue. These commandments are proclaimed, and the people respond after each one with:
“Lord, have mercy upon us, and incline our hearts to keep this law.”
This recitation roots the worship service in God’s unchanging character and calls us to repentance and holiness.
Why We Recite the Ten Commandments
God establishes covenant with His people through His Word and law. In the Old and New Testaments, the Ten Commandments function as a covenantal standard of righteousness. They are absolute, enduring, and reflect God’s very nature.
Since the Eucharist is the “New Covenant” in Christ’s blood (Luke 22:20), it is fitting that the covenant law—the Ten Commandments—should be proclaimed within the Communion liturgy.
The commandments are traditionally divided into two tables:
- Duties toward God (Commandments 1–4)
- Duties toward neighbor (Commandments 5–10)
The Ten Commandments
I am the LORD thy God; thou shalt have none other gods but me.
Lord, have mercy upon us, and incline our hearts to keep this law.
Thou shalt not make to thyself any graven image.
Lord, have mercy upon us, and incline our hearts to keep this law.
Thou shalt not take the Name of the LORD thy God in vain.
Lord, have mercy upon us, and incline our hearts to keep this law.
Remember that thou keep holy the Sabbath-day.
Lord, have mercy upon us, and incline our hearts to keep this law.
Honour thy father and thy mother.
Lord, have mercy upon us, and incline our hearts to keep this law.
Thou shalt do no murder.
Lord, have mercy upon us, and incline our hearts to keep this law.
Thou shalt not commit adultery.
Lord, have mercy upon us, and incline our hearts to keep this law.
Thou shalt not steal.
Lord, have mercy upon us, and incline our hearts to keep this law.
Thou shalt not bear false witness.
Lord, have mercy upon us, and incline our hearts to keep this law.
Thou shalt not covet.
Lord, have mercy upon us, and write all these thy laws in our hearts, we beseech thee.
Summary of the Law (Optional)
If the full Decalogue is omitted, the priest may instead recite the Summary of the Law, drawn from Jesus’ own words in Matthew 22:
“Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like unto it: Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. On these two commandments hang all the Law and the Prophets.”
This summary confirms that God’s moral law remains unchanged and fulfilled in Christ. While ceremonial aspects of Old Testament worship have passed away, the moral law remains the foundation of Christian ethics.
What is a Collect?
A collect is a short, structured prayer that “collects” the thoughts and themes of the day’s worship. Each collect is composed with biblical truth and theological clarity, usually written centuries ago and preserved in the Book of Common Prayer.
The Collect of the Day is prayed after the Decalogue or the Summary of the Law and before the appointed Scripture readings.
Structure of the Collect
Most collects follow a five-part structure:
- Address to God (e.g., “Almighty God”)
- Attribute or basis (e.g., “unto whom all hearts are open…”)
- Petition or request (e.g., “cleanse the thoughts of our hearts…”)
- Purpose or reason (e.g., “that we may perfectly love thee…”)
- Conclusion (e.g., “through Christ our Lord. Amen.”)
This elegant format teaches us how to pray in a reverent, purposeful manner.
Example: The Collect for Purity
ALMIGHTY God, unto whom all hearts are open, all desires known, and from whom no secrets are hid; Cleanse the thoughts of our hearts by the inspiration of thy Holy Spirit, that we may perfectly love thee, and worthily magnify thy holy Name; through Christ our Lord. Amen.
This collect, attributed to Alcuin of York, a scholar and priest of the 9th century, expresses our need for inward purification before entering into God’s presence.
Why It Matters
Before we proceed to hear the Word of God, the collect centers us in prayer. It recognizes that:
- God knows us completely.
- We must be cleansed by the Holy Spirit.
- Our aim is to worship God with pure hearts.
In Holy Scripture, no one enters God’s presence lightly (see Isaiah 6). The Collect of the Day reflects this biblical pattern of humility and spiritual preparation.
Seasonal and Sunday Collects
The Church year is marked by appointed collects that match the themes of Advent, Christmas, Epiphany, Lent, Easter, and Trinitytide. The lectionary (a calendar of Scripture readings) assigns a collect for each Sunday and holy day. The bulletin typically lists the page number or prints the collect in full.
What is the Nicene Creed?
The Nicene Creed is the central statement of faith in historic Christianity. It was formulated at the Council of Nicaea (AD 325) and later expanded at the Council of Constantinople (AD 381) to combat heresies and clarify biblical doctrine—especially the full divinity of Jesus Christ.
It is called Nicene because the first version was adopted at the city of Nicaea in Asia Minor. This creed is confessed in nearly every Anglican service of Holy Communion.
The Creed in the Liturgy
The Nicene Creed follows the Gospel reading and precedes the sermon. The congregation stands for its recitation, signifying honor and assent to the truth being proclaimed. Some worshippers bow at the mention of Jesus’ name (Philippians 2:10) and make the sign of the cross at the end, recalling the cross marked at baptism.
The Nicene Creed (1928 BCP Text)
I BELIEVE in one God the Father Almighty,
Maker of heaven and earth,
And of all things visible and invisible:
And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God;
Begotten of his Father before all worlds,
God of God, Light of Light, Very God of Very God;
Begotten, not made;
Being of one substance with the Father;
By whom all things were made:
Who for us men and for our salvation came down from heaven,
And was incarnate by the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary,
And was made man:
And was crucified also for us under Pontius Pilate;
He suffered and was buried:
And the third day He rose again according to the Scriptures:
And ascended into heaven,
And sitteth on the right hand of the Father:
And He shall come again, with glory,
to judge both the quick and the dead;
Whose kingdom shall have no end.
And I believe in the Holy Ghost,
The Lord, and Giver of Life,
Who proceedeth from the Father and the Son;
Who with the Father and the Son together is worshipped and glorified;
Who spake by the Prophets.
And I believe one Catholic and Apostolic Church:
I acknowledge one Baptism for the remission of sins:
And I look for the Resurrection of the dead:
And the Life of the world to come. Amen.
Why It Matters
The Creed affirms:
- The Triune nature of God: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
- The incarnation and atonement of Jesus Christ.
- The ongoing work of the Holy Spirit through the Church and the Scriptures.
- The hope of resurrection and eternal life.
It is the “irreducible minimum” of Christian belief, uniting believers across traditions, languages, and centuries.
The Role of the Sermon in Holy Communion
After the proclamation of Scripture and confession of faith in the Nicene Creed, the sermon is delivered. This portion of the service reflects the biblical pattern established in synagogue worship (cf. Luke 4:16–21) and continued in the early Church: the exposition and application of God’s Word.
The sermon is usually based on the appointed readings for the day, known as the lectionary, which systematically walks through the Bible over the course of the liturgical year.
Preaching in the Anglican Tradition
Anglican preaching emphasizes:
- Exegesis: interpreting the Scripture text in its context.
- Catechesis: instruction in the faith.
- Application: how God’s Word shapes Christian life and character.
A sermon in the Anglican liturgy is not an entertainment monologue nor a motivational speech—it is a sacred act of teaching and exhortation, rooted in the authority of Scripture and the tradition of the Church.
Announcements and Blessings
Immediately before the sermon or following the Creed, the minister may offer parish announcements. In many parishes, this is also when those celebrating birthdays or anniversaries are invited forward for a special prayer of blessing.
The Book of Common Prayer provides a blessing on page 597:
“Watch over thy children, O Lord, as their days increase; bless and guide them wherever they may be. Strengthen them when they stand; comfort them when discouraged or sorrowful; raise them up if they fall; and in their hearts may thy peace which passeth understanding abide all the days of their life; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.”
Worship Through Word and Sacrament
In Anglican worship, Word and Sacrament are inseparable. The sermon prepares our hearts to receive the sacrament by stirring up repentance, faith, gratitude, and hope. As St. Paul said: “Faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God” (Romans 10:17).
A Prayer for All God’s People
Before approaching the altar for Holy Communion, the Church lifts up intercessions in the Prayer for the Whole State of Christ’s Church. This comprehensive prayer reflects the biblical pattern of intercession found throughout Scripture (cf. 1 Timothy 2:1–2) and expresses the Church’s role as a priestly people.
This prayer covers:
- The universal Church
- Rulers and authorities
- Bishops and ministers
- The congregation
- All in need or adversity
- The faithful departed
Text of the Prayer (1928 BCP)
ALMIGHTY and everliving God, who by thy holy Apostle hast taught us to make prayers, and supplications, and to give thanks for all men;
We humbly beseech thee most mercifully to accept our alms and oblations, and to receive these our prayers, which we offer unto thy Divine Majesty;
Beseeching thee to inspire continually the Universal Church with the spirit of truth, unity, and concord:
And grant that all those who do confess thy holy Name may agree in the truth of thy holy Word, and live in unity and godly love.
We beseech thee also, so to direct and dispose the hearts of all Christian Rulers, that they may truly and impartially administer justice, to the punishment of wickedness and vice, and to the maintenance of thy true religion and virtue.
Give grace, O heavenly Father, to all Bishops and other Ministers, that they may, both by their life and doctrine, set forth thy true and lively Word, and rightly and duly administer thy holy Sacraments.
And to all thy People give thy heavenly grace; and especially to this congregation here present;
That, with meek heart and due reverence, they may hear, and receive thy holy Word; truly serving thee in holiness and righteousness all the days of their life.
And we most humbly beseech thee, of thy goodness, O Lord, to comfort and succour all those who, in this transitory life, are in trouble, sorrow, need, sickness, or any other adversity.
And we also bless thy holy Name for all thy servants departed this life in thy faith and fear;
Beseeching thee to grant them continual growth in thy love and service, and to give us grace so to follow their good examples,
That with them we may be partakers of thy heavenly kingdom.
Grant this, O Father, for Jesus Christ’s sake, our only Mediator and Advocate. Amen.
Notes and Practices
- When the priest announces this prayer, the congregation kneels.
- You may silently add the names of friends and loved ones during the intercession for those “in trouble, sorrow, need, sickness, or any other adversity.”
- The prayer for the faithful departed reflects the biblical image of the saints growing in glory (cf. Revelation 7:9–17).
- The entire prayer expresses the unity of the Church militant (on earth) and the Church triumphant (in heaven).
This prayer links the entire communion of saints across time and space in an act of holy intercession.
Preparing Our Hearts Before Communion
Before receiving Holy Communion, the Church collectively offers the General Confession, a prayer of repentance. This follows the call of Scripture: “If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. But if we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins” (1 John 1:8–9).
The congregation kneels, recognizing the need to be cleansed before entering God’s holy presence. This confession is made aloud and together, symbolizing both individual and corporate repentance.
Invitation to Confession
The priest begins with an exhortation:
YE who do truly and earnestly repent you of your sins,
and are in love and charity with your neighbours,
and intend to lead a new life,
following the commandments of God,
and walking from henceforth in his holy ways:
Draw near with faith, and take this holy Sacrament to your comfort;
and make your humble confession to Almighty God, devoutly kneeling.
Text of the General Confession (1928 BCP)
ALMIGHTY God, Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, Maker of all things, Judge of all men:
We acknowledge and bewail our manifold sins and wickedness,
Which we, from time to time, most grievously have committed,
By thought, word, and deed,
Against thy Divine Majesty,
Provoking most justly thy wrath and indignation against us.
We do earnestly repent,
And are heartily sorry for these our misdoings;
The remembrance of them is grievous unto us;
The burden of them is intolerable.
Have mercy upon us,
Have mercy upon us, most merciful Father;
For thy Son our Lord Jesus Christ’s sake,
Forgive us all that is past;
And grant that we may ever hereafter
Serve and please thee in newness of life,
To the honour and glory of thy Name;
Through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.
Why It Matters
This prayer is honest, thorough, and theologically rich. It:
- Names sin without excuse.
- Expresses grief over sin.
- Asks for mercy and pardon solely through Jesus Christ.
- Vows to live a renewed life in service to God.
Confession is not simply preparation for the Eucharist—it is a necessary act of humility and trust in the grace of God.
Assurance of Forgiveness
Following the General Confession, the priest proclaims the Absolution—a declaration of God’s forgiveness. This moment of grace is not based on the priest’s personal power but on the authority of Jesus Christ, who gave His apostles the power to bind and loose sins (John 20:22–23).
In Anglican worship, the priest stands as a minister of the Gospel, commissioned by the bishop in apostolic succession, to announce Christ’s absolution to all penitent believers.
Text of the Absolution (1928 BCP)
ALMIGHTY God, our heavenly Father,
who of his great mercy hath promised forgiveness of sins to all those who with hearty repentance and true faith turn unto him:
Have mercy upon you;
pardon and deliver you from all your sins;
confirm and strengthen you in all goodness;
and bring you to everlasting life;
through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.
The Sign of the Cross
As the priest pronounces the absolution, he makes the sign of the cross over the people. This gesture visually affirms that forgiveness is grounded in the Cross of Christ. Many worshippers respond by crossing themselves in reception of this mercy.
This ancient practice reinforces the truth that our sins are forgiven not because of our righteousness, but because of Christ’s once-for-all atoning sacrifice.
The Comfortable Words
After the absolution, the priest offers several verses of Scripture known as the Comfortable Words, meant to reassure those who have confessed their sins.
COME unto me, all ye that travail and are heavy laden, and I will refresh you. — Matthew 11:28
So God loved the world, that he gave his only-begotten Son, to the end that all that believe in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. — John 3:16
This is a true saying, and worthy of all men to be received, That Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners. — 1 Timothy 1:15
If any man sin, we have an Advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous; and he is the Propitiation for our sins. — 1 John 2:1–2
Why It Matters
The absolution reminds us that:
- God delights to forgive.
- Forgiveness requires repentance and faith.
- The Cross is the sole basis for pardon.
- We are now prepared to draw near to the altar.
This moment marks a spiritual transition—from confession to communion.
The Heart of the Eucharist
The Consecration is the central act of the Holy Communion service, where the bread and wine are set apart by the words of Christ to be the outward signs of His Body and Blood. In the Anglican tradition, we affirm the real presence of Christ in the sacrament—not physically or materially, but spiritually and truly, received by faith.
“The Body of Christ is given, taken, and eaten in the Supper only after a heavenly and spiritual manner. And the means whereby the Body of Christ is received and eaten in the Supper is faith.” — Article 28, Thirty-Nine Articles
The Prayer of Consecration (1928 BCP)
ALL glory be to thee, Almighty God, our heavenly Father,
for that thou, of thy tender mercy, didst give thine only Son Jesus Christ
to suffer death upon the Cross for our redemption;
who made there (by his one oblation of himself once offered)
a full, perfect, and sufficient sacrifice, oblation, and satisfaction, for the sins of the whole world;
and did institute, and in his holy Gospel command us to continue,
a perpetual memory of that his precious death and sacrifice, until his coming again:
For in the night in which he was betrayed, he took Bread;
and when he had given thanks, he brake it, and gave it to his disciples, saying,
Take, eat, this is my Body, which is given for you: Do this in remembrance of me.Likewise, after supper, he took the Cup;
and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, saying,
Drink ye all of this; for this is my Blood of the New Testament,
which is shed for you, and for many, for the remission of sins:
Do this, as oft as ye shall drink it, in remembrance of me.
What Happens Here?
When these words of institution are spoken:
- The bread and wine are consecrated, becoming holy mysteries.
- Christ is present spiritually to nourish the faithful.
- The Church makes a memorial offering—not a new sacrifice, but a pleading of the once-for-all atonement of Christ.
This offering is called the oblation—a sacrifice of praise and thanksgiving, grounded in the merits of Christ’s finished work.
Reverence and Mystery
Anglicans maintain a reverent humility before this great mystery. We do not try to define how Christ is present in the elements, but we proclaim that He is present—to be received by faith for the nourishment of our souls and the assurance of our forgiveness.
The Prayer Taught by Christ
The Lord’s Prayer is the perfect prayer. Given by Jesus Himself in the Gospels (Matthew 6:9–13; Luke 11:2–4), it expresses the full scope of the Christian’s relationship with God: adoration, submission, dependence, forgiveness, and deliverance.
In the Anglican liturgy, it is prayed immediately before Communion, reminding us that our approach to the Table is an act of spiritual sonship, fellowship, and dependence on God’s grace.
Text of the Lord’s Prayer (1928 BCP)
And now, as our Saviour Christ hath taught us, we are bold to say:
OUR Father, who art in heaven,
Hallowed be thy Name.
Thy kingdom come.
Thy will be done, On earth as it is in heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread.
And forgive us our trespasses,
As we forgive those who trespass against us.
And lead us not into temptation,
But deliver us from evil.
For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever and ever. Amen.
Eucharistic Meaning
Each petition of the Lord’s Prayer finds fulfillment in the Eucharist:
- “Thy kingdom come…” – We approach the King in His heavenly banquet.
- “Give us this day our daily bread…” – We receive Christ, the true Bread of Heaven.
- “Forgive us our trespasses…” – The sacrament seals the forgiveness we just confessed.
- “Deliver us from evil…” – Communion strengthens us against sin and temptation.
By praying this prayer before receiving the Body and Blood of Christ, we express our complete dependence on God’s provision—both physical and spiritual.
Why We Pray Before Communion
The Lord’s Prayer prepares our hearts by:
- Centering us in God’s holiness and kingdom.
- Reminding us of daily spiritual nourishment.
- Calling us to forgive others as we receive forgiveness.
- Seeking protection from temptation and evil.
It is the perfect prayer to precede the most perfect gift—Holy Communion.
Receiving the Body and Blood of Christ
Having confessed our sins, received absolution, and prayed the Lord’s Prayer, we now come to the sacred moment of Holy Communion. This is the culmination of the liturgy: the faithful receive the sacrament instituted by Christ at the Last Supper.
“Take, eat: this is my Body… Drink ye all of this: for this is my Blood…”
— Jesus Christ, Matthew 26:26–28
How Communion Is Administered
The minister first receives the Body and Blood of Christ, followed by any assisting clergy, and then the congregation. Worshippers come forward and kneel at the altar rail.
- You may receive the bread (host) in your hands or on the tongue.
- You may drink directly from the chalice, or have the server intinct (dip) your wafer and place it on your tongue.
- If you are not receiving Communion, cross your arms over your chest to receive a blessing instead.
Words of Administration (1928 BCP)
THE Body of our Lord Jesus Christ, which was given for thee,
preserve thy body and soul unto everlasting life.
Take and eat this in remembrance that Christ died for thee,
and feed on him in thy heart by faith, with thanksgiving.
THE Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ, which was shed for thee,
preserve thy body and soul unto everlasting life.
Drink this in remembrance that Christ’s Blood was shed for thee,
and be thankful.
The Agnus Dei (Lamb of God)
During Communion, the congregation may sing:
O Lamb of God, that takest away the sins of the world,
have mercy upon us.O Lamb of God, that takest away the sins of the world,
have mercy upon us.O Lamb of God, that takest away the sins of the world,
grant us thy peace.
This ancient hymn expresses our need for the mercy and peace offered through the sacrifice of Christ, the true Paschal Lamb (John 1:29).
Why This Moment Matters
In the act of receiving Communion:
- We encounter Christ spiritually and truly.
- We are nourished by His grace.
- We are united with the Church—militant and triumphant.
- We give thanks, affirming our faith, and entering deeper communion with God.
This holy meal is not merely symbolic, nor is it a repetition of Calvary—it is a participation in the once-for-all sacrifice of Christ, received with faith and thanksgiving.
Giving Thanks After Communion
After receiving the Body and Blood of Christ, we respond with a Prayer of Thanksgiving. This is a vital part of the liturgy. It expresses our gratitude, affirms the benefits we’ve received, and commits us to holy living in the strength of God’s grace.
The Eucharist—whose very name means “thanksgiving”—calls forth a thankful heart and life.
Text of the Prayer (1928 BCP)
ALMIGHTY and everliving God,
we most heartily thank thee,
for that thou dost vouchsafe to feed us who have duly received these holy mysteries,
with the spiritual food of the most precious Body and Blood of thy Son our Saviour Jesus Christ;
and dost assure us thereby of thy favour and goodness towards us;
and that we are very members incorporate in the mystical body of thy Son,
which is the blessed company of all faithful people;
and are also heirs through hope of thy everlasting kingdom,
by the merits of his most precious death and passion.
And we humbly beseech thee, O heavenly Father, so to assist us with thy grace,
that we may continue in that holy fellowship,
and do all such good works as thou hast prepared for us to walk in;
through Jesus Christ our Lord,
to whom, with thee and the Holy Ghost,
be all honour and glory, world without end. Amen.
Why It Matters
This prayer reminds us of the four great benefits of Holy Communion:
- Nourishment – We are spiritually fed by Christ.
- Assurance – We are reminded of God’s love and favor.
- Fellowship – We are united with Christ and His people.
- Calling – We are sent out to live a life of faith and good works.
It is not enough to be spiritually filled—we are also commissioned to live out our gratitude in faithful obedience.
Post-Communion Practice
After the prayer:
- The congregation remains kneeling or stands to sing the Gloria in Excelsis.
- The minister may say a brief collect or prayer appropriate to the day or season.
- Then follows the Final Blessing and the Recessional Hymn, sending us forth in peace.
Holy Communion does not end with consumption; it concludes with thanksgiving and mission. We are fed not just for our own comfort, but to be Christ’s people in the world.
The Sending Forth
After the Prayer of Thanksgiving and the singing of the Gloria, the service concludes with the Final Blessing. This is not merely a polite farewell—it is a sacred benediction, imparting God’s peace and strength as we return to the world.
The Blessing (1928 BCP)
THE Peace of God, which passeth all understanding,
keep your hearts and minds in the knowledge and love of God,
and of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord:
And the blessing of God Almighty,
the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost,
be amongst you, and remain with you always. Amen.
Apostolic Authority
Only ordained ministers—bishops and priests—may pronounce this blessing. They do so not by their own authority, but as representatives of Christ’s Church, passing on the apostolic peace and promise given in Scripture (Philippians 4:7).
- A priest typically blesses the people by raising his right hand or both hands and making the sign of the cross.
- A bishop wears his mitre, holds his crozier (staff), and gives the sign of the cross with his right hand.
In response, many in the congregation make the sign of the cross upon themselves, receiving this blessing with faith and reverence.
Gloria in Excelsis
Before the final blessing, the congregation often sings the Gloria in Excelsis:
GLORY be to God on high,
and on earth peace, good will towards men.
We praise thee, we bless thee, we worship thee,
we glorify thee, we give thanks to thee for thy great glory…
This ancient hymn of praise expresses joy and reverence after communion. It is a final doxology, giving all glory to God for the mercy and grace we have received.
The Recessional Hymn
After the blessing, the recessional hymn is sung as the ministers and servers process out, led again by the cross. This symbolizes the people of God going out into the world—bearing Christ’s cross and calling.
The congregation stands as the hymn is sung, and the candles are extinguished, marking the transition from sacred time to daily life.
A Kneeling Hymn (Local Tradition)
Some parishes conclude with a kneeling hymn—a short, reflective song sung in prayerful posture, asking for God’s continued blessing. Afterward, a bell rings and the postlude is played as the congregation departs.
Why It Matters
The final blessing sends us into the world:
- With peace from God that transcends our understanding.
- With purpose to live in His love.
- With power from the Holy Spirit to serve Christ faithfully.
The liturgy ends—but the Christian life continues.
Additional Symbolism and Practices
The Anglican liturgy is rich in biblical symbolism. Everything in the sanctuary—from the vestments to the architecture—is designed to draw the worshipper’s heart and mind toward reverent communion with God.
Symbols in the Liturgy
- The Cross: The central symbol of our redemption. Positioned on or near the altar, it reminds us of Christ’s once-for-all sacrifice. We bow or genuflect toward it—not as idolatry, but as an act of reverence to the crucified and risen King.
- Vestments: The clothing of clergy and acolytes reflects biblical categories of priesthood (Exodus 28) and expresses the dignity and function of sacred office. Each color and garment has meaning:
- Alb: A long white robe symbolizing purity.
- Stole: A scarf-like vestment representing the yoke of ordained ministry.
- Chasuble: The outer Eucharistic garment, often reflecting the season’s color.
- Candles: Symbolize Christ as the Light of the World (John 8:12). Two candles on the altar represent His divine and human natures.
- The Altar: The focal point of sacrificial offering and communion. It is where heaven meets earth, the place of memorial and spiritual nourishment.
Posture in Worship
Anglican worship involves the whole body:
- Kneeling (+): A sign of humility and penitence, especially during confession and prayer.
- Standing (^): A sign of reverence and readiness, used for reading Scripture, affirming the Creed, and receiving the blessing.
- Sitting (=): A posture of attentiveness, especially during the sermon or announcements.
These gestures unite body and spirit in worship and convey timeless reverence.
The Role of Silence
Silence in the liturgy is not empty; it is filled with prayer, awe, and reflection. Before the service, during confession, after Communion—these quiet moments help us “be still and know that He is God” (Psalm 46:10).
Visuals and Movement
- The Processional and Recessional: Mark sacred time and space. The cross leads us into and out of God’s presence, reminding us that we follow Christ in all things.
- The Bells: Call us to worship. The sound from above reminds us of our upward calling.
- Lighting and Extinguishing Candles: Mark the beginning and end of sacred action, visually bracketing the liturgy in the light of Christ.
A Worship That Teaches
Every element of the liturgy is catechetical—it teaches through repetition, symbol, word, and action. Anglican worship forms the soul over time to know, love, and serve the Lord Jesus Christ.
Saint Paul’s Anglican Church – Los Altos, California – Reformed Episcopal Church
The parish is known for its commitment to:
- Historic Anglican liturgy rooted in the 1928 Book of Common Prayer
- Biblical preaching and sacramental worship
- Christian education for all ages
- Orthodox teaching within the tradition of the Anglican Church
Saint Paul’s Los Altos serves as a center for classical worship and theological training in the Anglican way, offering:
- A reverent Holy Communion service every Sunday
- Seasonal worship throughout the Christian Year
- Teaching resources to help Christians understand the Church’s liturgy, doctrine, and sacraments
Thank you for taking the time to explore the commentary on Holy Communion. May the richness of this liturgy continue to nourish your soul and guide your walk with Christ.
